Evaluation of bone healing in canine tibial defects filled with cortical autograft,commercial-DBM,calf fetal DBM,omentum and omentum-calf fetal DBM

The present study was conducted to compare the effects of xenogenic bovine fetal demineralized bone matrix (DBM), commercial DBM, omentum, omentum-calf fetal DBM, cortical autograft and xenogenic cartilage powder on the healing of tibial defects in a dog model to determine the best material for bone healing. Seven male adult mongrel dogs, weighing 26.2 ± 2.5 kg, were used in this study. Seven holes with a diameter of 4-mm were created and then filled with several biomaterials. Radiographs were taken postoperatively on day 1 and weeks 2, 4, 6, 8. The operated tibias were removed on the 56th postoperative day and histopathologically evaluated. On postoperative days 14, 42 and 56, the lesions of the control group were significantly inferior to those in the other group (p < 0.05). On the 28th postoperative day, the autograft group was significantly superior to the control and omentum groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, calf fetal DBM was significantly superior to the control group. There was no significant difference between the histopathological sections of all groups. Overall, the omentum and omentum-DBM groups were superior to the control group, but inferior to the autograft, commercial-DBM, calf fetal DBM and calf fetal cartilage groups.     

甘蓝型油菜MAPK1在损伤和病原菌胁迫下的表达模式分析

【目的】分析BnMAPK1组织特异性表达特征,探究其在损伤和病原菌胁迫下的特征及参加的信号途径。【方法】在电子克隆的基础上,克隆BnMAPK1的启动子序列。利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）检测BnMAPK1的诱导表达特征。【结果】从甘蓝型油菜中克隆了MAPK1的启动子序列,发现它含有多个激素响应元件和逆境胁迫响应元件。还发现植物激素茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）、水杨酸（SA）、脱落酸（ABA）和过氧化氢（H2O2）,及损伤（wound）和核盘菌（sclerotinia sclerotiorum）均能在转录水平上激活BnMAPK1。甘蓝型油菜在损伤和接种核菌盘后,JA信号途径标志基因PDF1.2的表达量被诱导上升,而SA信号途径标志基因PR-1被抑制,推测甘蓝型油菜可能是通过茉莉酸（jasmonic acid,JA）信号途径响应损伤和病原菌入侵。【结论】甘蓝型油菜MAPK1受多种植物激素和胁迫的诱导,并且其启动子中含有多个激素响应元件和逆境胁迫响应元件,可能MAPK1在植物体抵抗外界多种胁迫中起重要作用,并且甘蓝型油菜可能是通过JA信号途径对损伤和病原菌入侵做出响应。     

Leak syndrome of potato in Tunisia caused byPythium aphanidermatum andPythium ultimum

Summary TwoPythium spp. were isolated from diseased tubers exhibiting rots at harvest, in summer stores and also in refrigerated storage. Symptoms shared features described for both pink rot caused byPhytophthora erythroseptica and leak caused byPythium spp. The causal agents were identified asPythium aphanidermatum andP. ultimum by morphological and physiological observations and by fingerprinting using oomycete specific primers to amplify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) within ribosomal DNAs. The optimum temperatures for infection were 30°C forP. aphanidermatum and 25°C forP. ultimum, corresponding to the optimum temperatures for growth in vitro. The optimum concentration for infection of tubers inoculated by dipping in a suspension of oospores or hyphal swellings after wounding was found to be 10³ reproductive organs/ml, whereas the infection threshold was 10 reproductive organs/ml.     

高光谱荧光示踪无损检测瓜类作物嫁接苗愈合状态

为了减少瓜类嫁接苗的愈合管理时间,实现快速准确判别嫁接苗早期愈合状态,促进嫁接苗规模化生产及育苗产业发展。该研究制备了氮硫掺杂碳点,以该碳点为荧光示踪材料,以西瓜嫁接苗为研究对象,利用高光谱荧光成像方法,探究了西瓜嫁接苗早期愈合状态无损检测的高光谱荧光示踪成像方法。高光谱荧光示踪图像及光谱分析结果表明,利用氮硫掺杂碳点进行荧光示踪,通过高光谱成像仪对瓜类作物早期愈合状态高通量表型的鉴定,能快速、自动、无损地获取嫁接苗愈合的情况。同时,通过氮硫掺杂碳点处理后第12天,处理组的西瓜嫁接苗相较于对照组,根系增长量提升了78.7%,叶面积增长量提升了61.4%。因此,该研究方法可以提早判别嫁接苗的愈合连通,促使瓜类嫁接苗提早移栽,并且氮硫掺杂碳点处理可以促进嫁接苗叶面积和根系的生长,达到种苗壮苗的作用。     

新疆杨胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因的克隆与表达

杨树受损伤后能诱导一些基因的表达,其编码的蛋白质可能在杨树的防卫反应中起一定作用.用PCR方法从新疆杨叶片中克隆出一个损伤诱导型Kunitz胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因PaTI1.序列分析表明:此基因不含内含子,其翻译起点上游具有'TATA'和 'CCAAT'等转录控制元件,包含的阅读框架能编码一个长为213个氨基酸的多肽.此多肽与克隆自美洲山杨的PtTI2 和PtTI1氨基酸序列同源性最高,分别为95%和80%,其N端存在一长度为27个氨基酸的信号肽.将此基因以融合蛋白的形式在大肠杆菌中进行表达,纯化后的融合蛋白对胰蛋白酶的活性有抑制作用,每8.5 μg融合蛋白可完全抑制1 μg牛胰蛋白酶的活性.Western blot分析表明融合蛋白与PtTI2特异的抗体之间有明显的血清学反应.     

防治苹果树腐烂病多效伤口涂剂的研制

通过对病菌侵染和发病因素的分析,针对苹果腐烂病防治出现的预防不灵、病疤重犯和伤口难愈等突出问题,研制出多效伤口涂剂,并阐述了其研制过程和实际应用效果。     

绿盲蝽越冬卵在灵武长枣枝条的分布特征研究

针对宁夏灵武地区枣园绿盲蝽越冬卵在枣枝的分布特征不明等问题，于2018年3月初采用“Z”字形取样法调查了两块枣园样地绿盲蝽越冬卵在枣枝上的产卵位置，并分析了修剪口处越冬卵的数量及形态特征。结果表明，当年休眠期枝剪口处的平均卵量显著高于枣股及其翘皮，且2年生枝与多年生枝剪口卵量显著高于1年生枝剪口；剪口周皮部的平均卵量显著小于髓心部，但带卵率显著大于髓心部；剪口周皮部的越冬卵长度、饱满度均显著大于髓心部，剪口周皮部与髓心部的越冬卵宽度、瘪卵数均差异不显著。在管理精细无杂草的纯枣园中，休眠期修剪口处的周皮部与髓心部是绿盲蝽产卵越冬的主要场所。据此提出封闭剪口与早春整枝修剪是防治绿盲蝽危害的关键措施。